外泌体microRNA定量PCR 实验 外泌体(Exosome)是由细胞分泌而来的微小囊泡,直径约为30-100 nm,具有杯状形态、双层膜结构,天然存在于血液、尿液、唾液、母乳和细胞培养基等生物体液中。包括肿瘤细胞在内几乎所有类型的细胞(免疫细胞、神经细胞、干细胞),都可以产生并释放exosome。Exosome可通过细胞膜受体直接激活受体细胞,也可运输蛋白质、mRNA、miRNA、lncRNA、circRNA,甚至细胞器进入受体细胞,参与细胞间通讯。Exosome在免疫应答、炎症反应、血管生成、凋亡、凝血和废物处理等生理过程发挥关键作用,可作为多种疾病的早期诊断标记物,也能作为靶向药物的载体进行疾病治疗。 miRNA是一类22nt左右大小的非编码分子, 它可以通过外泌体从一个地方转运到另外一个地方行使基因沉默功能。通过检测外泌体中miRNA表达变化,可以发现外泌体中miRNA特异性功能。 图1外泌体产生过程的示意图 图2外泌体miRN PCR扩增曲线 图3外泌体miRN PCR扩增曲线 实验流程: 样品要求 血清样品:2-4ml 外泌体样品:1ml RNA样品:500ng 参考文献 Tkach M, et al. Communication by Extracellular Vesicles: Where We Are and Where We Need to Go. Cell. 2016 Mar 10;164(6):1226-32 Enderle D, Spiel A, Coticchia CM, Berghoff E, Mueller R, Schlumpberger M, et al.Characterization of RNA from Exosomes and Other Extracellular Vesicles Isolated by a Novel Spin Column-Based Method. PLoS ONE (2015)10(8): e0136133. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136133 Zhou W, Fong M Y, Min Y, et al. Cancer-Secreted miR-105 Destroys Vascular Endothelial Barriers to Promote Metastasis[J]. Cancer cell. 2014, 25(4): 501-515. Takahashi KJ, Yan IK, Wood J, et al. Involvement of Extracellular Vesicle Long Noncoding RNA (linc-VLDLR) in Tumor Cell Responses to Chemotherapy. Mol Cancer Res.2014 ,12(10): 1377–87. Li Y, Zheng QP, Bao CY, et al. Circular RNA is enriched and stable in exosomes: a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis. Cell Res. 2015, 25(8):981-4. Melo SA, Sugimoto H, O'Connell JT, et al. Cancer Exosomes Perform Cell-Independent MicroRNA Biogenesis and Promote Tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell, 2014. |
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